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The tobacco plant originated in South America more than 7,000 years ago. Smokeless tobacco products are derived from the same botanical source as smoking tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum). The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) recognizes that smokeless tobacco contains at least 30 cancer-causing agents and is carcinogenic to humans. Other oral pathologies, such as inflammation, leukoplakia, and tooth decay have been described with smokeless tobacco use. An association between the risk of fatal myocardial infarction and fatal stroke in users of smokeless tobacco has been shown. Data for other cancers are less consistent. InteractionsĪn increased risk of oropharyngeal cancer exists. Smokeless tobacco use during pregnancy is associated with decreased birth weight and increased risk of preterm delivery. Users of smokeless tobacco regulate consumption to meet cravings and withdrawal symptoms. Concern has been raised that smokeless tobacco use serves as a gateway to smoking. Issues relate to the lack of evidence for efficacy in achieving long-term smoking cessation (greater than 6 months) and the health risks of smokeless tobacco products. The role of smokeless tobacco in smoking cessation is debated.
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Common Name(s): Ariva, Betel quid (India), Chewing tobacco, Commit, Compressed tobacco lozenges, Copenhagen, Dry snuff, Iq-mik (Alaska), Moist snuff, Revel, Skoal Dry, Smokeless tobacco, Snus (Sweden)., Stonewall